How many roots do second molars generally have?

Second molars typically have differing root structures based on their location in the mouth. The upper second molars typically have three roots: two buccal (facing towards the cheeks) and one palatal (facing towards the tongue). On the other hand, lower second molars usually have two roots: one mesial (toward the middle of the mouth) and one distal (toward the back of the mouth). This mixed configuration reflects the complexity of the molar design, which allows them to handle the grinding and chewing functions effectively.

Understanding the anatomy of second molars, including their roots, is important for various dental procedures, including extractions and root canal treatments. Recognizing that upper and lower second molars have different root counts can help dental professionals anticipate difficulties in procedures that involve these teeth.