What does abfraction refer to?

Abfraction refers specifically to the loss of tooth surface in the cervical area, which is the area near the gum line. This condition is thought to be caused by the flexural forces that occur during tooth function, particularly in patients with bruxism or clenching habits. As the tooth flexes, small amounts of the tooth structure can be lost, leading to a wedge-shaped defect in the enamel and dentin. This distinction is important in dental nursing, as it emphasizes that abfraction is not related to decay, erosion, or conditions affecting only the gums, but rather to mechanical stress that affects the structural integrity of the tooth at its cervical area. Understanding abfraction helps dental professionals in diagnosing and managing patients' dental health more effectively.