What does subgingival calculus refer to?

Subgingival calculus refers to the accumulation of hardened plaque deposits that develop below the gum line, making them invisible during a standard oral examination without the use of special instruments. This type of calculus can contribute to periodontal disease, as it often leads to inflammation and degradation of the supporting structures of the teeth.

Identifying subgingival calculus is crucial for dental professionals because its presence is often associated with gum disease, which may require specific treatment approaches such as scaling and root planing to manage and maintain periodontal health. Recognizing this distinction helps in understanding oral hygiene's role and the importance of regular dental check-ups for effective preventative care.