What is the primary role of the periodontal ligament?

The periodontal ligament's primary role is to attach teeth to the alveolar bone, providing not only structural support but also stability to the teeth within the dental arch. This connective tissue comprises collagen fibers, which anchor the cementum of the tooth root to the surrounding alveolar bone. Additionally, the periodontal ligament plays an essential role in sensing and transmitting forces during chewing and biting, contributing to the overall health and integrity of the tooth and supporting structures. Its function is vital for maintaining the position of teeth and allowing for slight movement in response to functional pressures, which can prevent damage and contribute to tooth longevity.