Which dental material is used as a base in deeper cavities?

Zinc oxide and eugenol is the preferred material used as a base in deeper cavities due to its beneficial properties. This material provides thermal insulation and, importantly, has a soothing effect on the dental pulp. The eugenol component has mild analgesic properties which can help alleviate pain for the patient during the restoration process.

In deeper cavities, where there is a closer proximity to the pulp or where there has been some level of pulp exposure, using a base that effectively protects the pulp and reduces sensitivity is crucial. Zinc oxide and eugenol have been shown to be effective in sealing the cavity and providing a barrier against bacteria and irritants.

Other materials are suitable for different scenarios; for example, calcium hydroxide is often used for pulp capping due to its ability to promote dentin formation but is generally not used as a base for deeper cavities. Composite resin is used for filling cavities but does not serve as a base to protect the pulp. Glass ionomer cement also offers some protective qualities but may not provide the same thermal insulation and comfort as zinc oxide and eugenol in deeper cavities.