Which of the following conditions is treated with a salbutamol inhaler?

A salbutamol inhaler is primarily used to treat asthma attacks. Salbutamol is a bronchodilator, which means it works by relaxing the muscles of the airways, resulting in expanded air passages that allow for easier breathing. During an asthma attack, the airways become constricted and inflamed, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing. The quick-relief provided by salbutamol helps alleviate these symptoms rapidly, making it a vital medication for individuals with asthma.

Other conditions listed, such as anaphylaxis, heart attack, and epilepsy, require different types of treatment. Anaphylaxis is treated with epinephrine; heart attacks often involve the use of clot-busting medications and other interventions; and epilepsy is typically managed with anticonvulsant drugs. Thus, while salbutamol is effective for asthma, it is not suitable for addressing the needs of these other medical emergencies.